Confiabilidade da análise de processo para o desempenho da tarefa de levantar-se do solo em idosos / Intra e inter reliability of supine-to-stand task performance in older adults

A tarefa de levantar-se do solo a partir do decúbito dorsal (STS) tem apresentado recursos avaliativos complementares, em termos de julgamento do desempenho motor, físico e funcional em idosos por meio de medidas quantitativas e qualitativas. Especificamente, em medidas de processo (qualitativas) há sete protocolos que categorizam o desempenho do STS em idosos. Objetivo: Determinar o nível de confiabilidade intra e entre avaliadores da análise de processo do STS em idosos, segundo protocolo adaptado de Manini et al. Métodos: 25 idosos (12 mulheres) realizaram a tarefa de levantar-se do solo a partir do decúbito dorsal sem auxílio. Dois codificadores de vídeo, estudantes de graduação no nível superior de educação - tempo de experiência > 2 anos em Educação Física e ± 6 meses de uso do protocolo classificaram o desempenho dos idosos de acordo com o protocolo. A confiabilidade intra-avaliador e entre avaliadores foi considerada moderada (K = 0,533; p = 0,001; K = 0,466; p = 0,001) e substancial para a medida intra-avaliador 2 (K = 0,736; p = 0,001). O nível de confiabilidade intra e entreavaliadores do STS segundo o protocolo adaptado de Manini foi considerado moderado para sujeitos idosos. (AU)

The Supine-To-Stand task (STS) has presented complementary assessment resources, in terms of motor, physical and functional assessment in the elderly through quantitative and qualitative measures. Specifically, in process measures (qualitative) seven protocols categorize the performance of STS in the elderly. Objective: To determine the level of reliability within and between evaluators of the STS process analysis in the elderly, according to a protocol adapted from Manini et al. Methods: 25 elderly (12 female) performed the task of rising from the ground from the supine position without assistance. Two video encoders, graduate students at the higher education level - time of experience >2 years in Physical Education and ± 6 months in use of the protocol classified the performance of the elderly according to this protocol. Intra-rater and between rater reliability was considered moderate (K = 0.533; p = 0.001; K = 0.466; p = 0.001) and substantial for intra-rater 2 (K = 0.736; p = 0.001). The level of intra- and inter-rater reliability of the STS according to the adapted protocol of Manini was considered moderate for elderly subjects. (AU)

Assessment in the Supine-To-Stand Task and Functional Health from Youth to Old Age: A Systematic Review.

Performance in the supine-to-stand (STS) task is an important functional and health marker throughout life, but the evaluation methods and some correlates can impact it. This article aims to examine the studies that assessed the performance of the STS task of young people, adults and the elderly. Evidence of the association between the STS task and body weight status, musculoskeletal fitness and physical activity was investigated, and a general protocol was proposed. MEDLINE/Pubmed and Web of Science databases were accessed for searching studies measuring the STS task directly; identification, objective, design, sample, protocols and results data were extracted; the risk of bias was assessed (PROSPERO CRD42017055693). From 13,155 studies, 37 were included, and all demonstrated a low to moderate risk of bias. The STS task was applied in all world, but the protocols varied across studies, and they lacked detail; robust evidence demonstrating the association between STS task and musculoskeletal fitness was found; there was limited research examining body weight status, physical activity and the STS task performance. In conclusion, the STS task seems to be a universal tool to track motor functional competence and musculoskeletal fitness throughout life for clinical or research purposes.

Associação da aptidão física de idosos saudáveis com o desempenho na tarefa de levantar-se do solo / Association of physical fitness of healthy elderly with performance in the task of getting up from the floor

O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi examinar a associação da aptidão física com o desempenho na tarefa de levantar-se do solo em indivíduos idosos saudáveis. Cinquenta e seis voluntários (71,8 ± 6,96 anos; 68,8 ± 14,02 kg; 1,60 ± 0,97 cm) foram classificados de acordo com o índice de massa corporal. A avaliação da aptidão física foi feita por meio dos seguintes testes funcionais: Timed Up and Go; Teste de apoio unipodal; Teste de sentar e alcançar e o Teste de sentar e levantar. O tempo e o número de tentativas para a tarefa de levantar-se do solo foram verificados utilizando-se o Software Kinovea. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis, foi utilizado o teste de correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância adotado foi de p < 0,05. Os resultados mostraram que houve associação entre o desempenho na tarefa de levantar-se do solo com o IMC (p < 0,009), equilíbrio dinâmico/mobilidade (p < 0,001) e força muscular de membros inferiores (p < 0,001). Dessa maneira, é plausível admitir que a tarefa de levantar-se do solo mostrou ser uma medida resumo da saúde física na amostra estudada.

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association of physical fitness with performance in the task of getting up from the floor in healthy elderly individuals. Fifty-six volunteers (71.8 ± 6.96 years, 68.8 ± 14.02 kg, 1.60 ± 0.97 cm) were classified according to the body mass index. Physical fitness assessment was performed using the following functional tests: Timed Up and Go; Unipodal support test; Sit and reach test and Sit and stand test. The time and number of attempts for the task of getting off the ground were checked using the Kinovea Software. To verify the association between the variables, the Spearman correlation test was used. The level of significance was set at p <0.05. The results showed that there was an association between the performance in the task of getting up from the ground with BMI (p <0.009), dynamic balance / mobility (p <0.001) and lower limb muscle strength (p <0.001). Thus, it is plausible to admit that the task of getting up from the floor proved to be a summary measure of physical health in the sample studied.

[Assessment of functional capacity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: implications for recommending exercise]. / Avaliação da capacidade funcional em pacientes com artrite reumatoide: implicações para a recomendação de exercícios físicos.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic symmetric polyarthritis of large and small joints and by morning stiffness that may lead to musculoskeletal impairment, with functional impotence. The concept of functionality relates to the ability of an individual to perform effectively and independently daily activities and tasks of everyday life. The aim of this review is to familiarize the rheumatologist with the concept of functional capacity evaluation and with the tests that can be applied in this population, as these are important steps for a proper exercise prescription. From functional tests already used in the elderly population, the Physical Fitness and Rheumatology Laboratory - LAR - Brasilia, which is accompanying patients from Brasilia Cohort of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis, describes in this article a protocol of tests to assess functional capacity for application in patients with RA, including the description of tests: 1) Sit and Reach; 2) Agility/Dynamic Balance; 3) Manual Dynamometry; 4) Sit Back and Lift; 5) Biceps Curl and 6) Six-minute Walk Test.

Low dynamic muscle strength and its associations with fatigue, functional performance, and quality of life in premenopausal patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and low disease activity: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to compare dynamic muscle strength, functional performance, fatigue, and quality of life in premenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with low disease activity versus matched-healthy controls and to determine the association of dynamic muscle strength with fatigue, functional performance, and quality of life in SLE patients. METHODS: We evaluated premenopausal (18-45 years) SLE patients with low disease activity (Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index [SLEDAI]: mean 1.5 ± 1.2). The control (n = 25) and patient (n = 25) groups were matched by age, physical characteristics, and the level of physical activities in daily life (International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ). Both groups had not participated in regular exercise programs for at least six months prior to the study. Dynamic muscle strength was assessed by one-repetition maximum (1-RM) tests. Functional performance was assessed by the Timed Up and Go (TUG), in 30-s test a chair stand and arm curl using a 2-kg dumbbell and balance test, handgrip strength and a sit-and-reach flexibility test. Quality of life (SF-36) and fatigue were also measured. RESULTS: The SLE patients showed significantly lower dynamic muscle strength in all exercises (leg press 25.63%, leg extension 11.19%, leg curl 15.71%, chest press 18.33%, lat pulldown 13.56%, 1-RM total load 18.12%, P < 0.001-0.02) compared to the controls. The SLE patients also had lower functional performance, greater fatigue and poorer quality of life. In addition, fatigue, SF-36 and functional performance accounted for 52% of the variance in dynamic muscle strength in the SLE patients. CONCLUSIONS: Premenopausal SLE patients with low disease activity showed lower dynamic muscle strength, along with increased fatigue, reduced functional performance, and poorer quality of life when compared to matched controls.

The quality of life of patients with lupus erythematosus influences cardiovascular capacity in 6-minute walk test.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between quality of life and distance walked in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in Brazilian premenopausal patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and compare their results with those of healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty-five premenopausal (18-45 years) patients diagnosed with low-activity SLE (mean SLEDAI: 1.52 ± 1.61) and 25 controls were matched for age, physical characteristics, and physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire/s-IPAQ). Both groups should not be involved in regular physical activity for at least six months before the study. The 6MWT distance (American Thoracic Society protocol), posttest heart rate (HRpost), posttest oxygen saturation (SpO2post) and the Borg scale of subjective perception of effort (SPE/CR10) were evaluated. The quality of life was assessed by use of the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). RESULTS: Patients with SLE had a significantly poorer quality of life, a shorter 6MWT distance (598 ± 45 m versus 642 ± 14 m, P < 0.001), and greater values of SPE/CR10 (6.28 ± 2.0 versus 5.12 ± 1.60, P< 0.05) and HRpost (134 ± 15 bpm versus 123 ± 23 bpm, P< 0.05) when compared with controls. The linear regression model suggested that quality of life was a significant predictor of 70% of the 6MWT distance. CONCLUSION: When compared with controls, patients with SLE walked a shorter distance in the 6MWT, which was associated with poorer quality of life.

The interactions between hemostasis and resistance training: a review.

Physical inactivity is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is strongly associated with changes in arterial structure. Regular physical activity and exercise contributes to the prevention of coronary artery disease. Therefore, cardiovascular and resistance training improve hemostatic parameters and promote a less thrombotic blood profile. This review highlights the studies, mechanisms, and outcomes relating to the effectiveness of resistance training on the process of hemostasis. The Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, Ibecs, and Cochrane databases were used to locate the original articles. Seventeen studies were found during the research process. Of these, ten articles were excluded. Those protocols using a high volume of training for young adults showed a greater fibrinolytic response, and training protocols with intensities above 80% of 1 maximum repetition showed an increased platelet activity. In subjects with coronary artery disease, just one session of resistance training resulted in improvement in the fibrinolytic system (tissue plasminogen activator) without raising potential thrombotic markers.

Higher muscle performance in adolescents compared with adults after a resistance training session with different rest intervals.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of 3 different rest intervals between sets on the total training volume, number of repetitions, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and resistance to fatigue in adolescents and adults during a resistance training session in the isoinertial chest press exercise. Fifteen male adolescents (15.2 ± 1.2 years; 20.7 ± 2.0 kg·m(-2); Tanner -4; 61.5 ± 8.9, 10 repetition maximum [RM]) and 15 adults (22.2 ± 2.7 years; 23.3 ± 2.0 kg·m(-2); Tanner -5; 84.3 ± 13.5, 10RM) without previous experience with resistance training participated in the study. After 10RM test-retest on 3 different occasions, participants were randomly assigned to a resistance training protocol with 30-, 60-, and 120-second rest interval between sets. The protocol consisted of 3 sets with 10RM. In all studied variables, with exception to total training volume and RPE, adolescents presented superior results as compared with adults (p < 0.001). On the other hand, both adults and adolescents exhibited a higher resistance to fatigue, total training volume, and number of repetitions with a longer rest interval (120 > 60 > 30 seconds) (p < 0.01). Thus, these results indicate that adolescents present a higher recovery capacity between sets in a resistance training session than adults and a longer rest interval results in a higher number of repetitions completed, total training volume, and resistance to fatigue.